CITICOLINE
Methyl-Donor Compound
Citicoline - Cytidine
Diphosphate-Sholine
CDP-Choline
Promotes Cognition*
Helps Boost Coordination*
Supports Improved Memory*
Where Citicoline is found
Native to:
Naturally occurring in plant and tissue cells
About Citicoline
Citicoline is naturally occurring in the cells of human and animal tissue, in particular the organs. Studies suggest that CDP-choline supplements increase dopamine receptor densities.
How Citicoline Works
AcetylCholine:
How does AcetylCholine Work?
Cellular Communication Citicoline enhances cellular communication by increasing the availability of neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, norepinephrine, and dopamine.
Methyl-Donors:
How do Methyl-Donors Work?
Methyl Donors, vitamins, antioxidants, antocians, flavonoids and crucial parts of healthy body systems. These chemicals can be found mostly in fruits, vegetables, leguminous, oil seeds and in fish. In many cases these pigmentosus elements are responsible for characterizing the colors of fruits & vegetables.
Dopamine:
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays several important roles in the brain and body. It is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families. Dopamine constitutes about 80% of the catecholamine content in the brain. It is an amine synthesized by removing a carboxyl group from a molecule of its precursor chemical, L-DOPA, which is synthesized in the brain and kidneys. Dopamine is also synthesized in plants and most animals. In the brain, dopamine functions as a neurotransmitter—a chemical released by neurons (nerve cells) to send signals to other nerve cells. Neurotransmitters are synthesized in specific regions of the brain, but affect many regions systemically. The brain includes several distinct dopamine pathways, one of which plays a major role in the motivational component of reward-motivated behavior. The anticipation of most types of rewards increases the level of dopamine in the brain, and many addictive drugs increase dopamine release or block its reuptake into neurons following release. Other brain dopamine pathways are involved in motor control and in controlling the release of various hormones. These pathways and cell groups form a dopamine system which is neuromodulatory.
Cognitive Function Support
Studies
Clin Interv Aging. 2006 Sep; 1(3): 247–251. Published online 2006 Sep. doi: 10.2147/ciia.2006.1.3.247 Citicoline (Cognizin) in the treatment of cognitive impairment
Abstract: Pharmacological treatment of cerebrovascular disorders was introduced at the beginning of the 20th Century. Since then, a multitude of studies have focused on the development of a consensus for a well defined taxonomy of these disorders and on the identification of specific patterns of cognitive deficits associated with them, but with no clear consensus. Nevertheless, citicoline has proved to be a valid treatment in patients with a cerebrovascular pathogenesis for memory disorders. A metanalysis performed on the entire database available from the clinical studies performed with this compound confirms the experimental evidence from the animal studies which have repeatedly described the multiple biological actions of citicoline in restoring both the cell lipid structures and some neurotransmitter functions. Link - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2695184/
Clin Interv Aging. 2015; 10: 1421–1429. Published online 2015 Sep 3. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S87886 The role of citicoline in cognitive impairment: pharmacological characteristics, possible advantages, and doubts for an old drug with new perspectives
Conclusion: Citicoline appears to be a promising agent to improve cognitive impairment, especially of vascular origin. In fact, so far it appears as a drug with the ability to promote “safe” neuroprotection, capable of enhancing endogenous protective. Large clinical trials are needed to confirm its benefits. Link - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4562749/
3. Int J Med Mushrooms 2013;15(6):539-54. doi:10.1615/intjmedmushr.v15.i6.30.2019 May;31(2):123-129 Neurotrophic Properties of the Lion's Mane Medicinal Mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Higher Basidiomycetes) from Malaysia
Abstract: Neurotrophic factors are important in promoting the growth and differentiation of neurons. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is essential for the maintenance of the basal forebrain cholinergic system. Hericenones and erinacines isolated from the medicinal mushroom Hericium erinaceus can induce NGF synthesis in nerve cells. In this study, we evaluated the synergistic interaction between H. erinaceus aqueous extract and exogenous NGF on the neurite outgrowth stimulation of neuroblastoma-glioma cell NG108-15. The neuroprotective effect of the mushroom extract toward oxidative stress was also studied. Aqueous extract of H. erinaceus was shown to be non-cytotoxic to human lung fibroblast MRC-5 and NG108-15 cells. The combination of 10 ng/mL NGF with 1 μg/mL mushroom extract yielded the highest percentage increase of 60.6% neurite outgrowth. The extract contained neuroactive compounds that induced the secretion of extracellular NGF in NG108-15 cells, thereby promoting neurite outgrowth activity. However, the H. erinaceus extract failed to protect NG108-15 cells subjected to oxidative stress when applied in pre-treatment and co-treatment modes. In conclusion, the aqueous extract of H. erinaceus contained neuroactive compounds which induced NGF-synthesis and promoted neurite outgrowth in NG108-15 cells. The extract also enhanced the neurite outgrowth stimulation activity of NGF when applied in combination. The aqueous preparation of H. erinaceus had neurotrophic but not neuroprotective activities. Link https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/708ae68d64b17c52,034eeb045436a171,750a15ad12ae25e9.html
*These statements have not been evaluated by the federal drug administration. This Product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
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